Natural history of viral capsids

　　报告题目: Natural history of viral capsids

　　报 告 人: Dr. Mart Krupovic

　　报告人单位: Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,Paris,France

　　报告时间: 2017年10月31日(星期二)10:00 am ~ 11:00 am

　　报告地点: A203会议室

　　主 持 人: 黄力 研究员

　　报告摘要:

　　The entire history of life is the story of virus–host coevolution. Therefore, the origins and evolution of viruses are an essential component of this process. A unique feature of the virus state, which distinguishes viruses from all other types of mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids and transposons, is the ability to form virions. Thus, the origin of viruses is likely to be concomitant with the origin of the major virion proteins. In my talk I will present evidence from comprehensive sequence and structure analysis of major virion proteins across the virosphere which indicates that these proteins evolved on about 20 independent occasions. In many cases, the origins of these proteins can be traced to diverse ancestral proteins of cellular organisms. Our data suggests that some of the capsid proteins were coopted at the earliest stages of cellular evolution, whereas others were likely adapted from cellular organisms either at the root of particular domains or from specific lineages of contemporary organisms. Virus genomes typically consist of distinct structural and replication modules that frequently recombine and can have different evolutionary trajectories. Whereas the replication modules of at least some classes of viruses could be descendants of primordial selfish genetic elements, bona fide viruses evolved on multiple, independent occasions throughout the course of evolution, by recruitment of diverse host proteins that became major virion components. In parallel, it is also conceivable that some of the simple capsid protein folds have evolved de novo in the context of viral genomes. This might be the case of certain capsid proteins encoded by archaeal viruses, which often display narrow taxonomic distribution and lack recognizable similarity to cellular proteins. Collectively, these findings reveal a stronger connection between the virosphere and cellular life forms than previously suspected and shed light on the origins of viruses.

　　报告人简介：

　　Dr. Mart Krupovic

　　Chargé de recherche, Institut Pasteur

　　Education

　　1999-2003 Vilnius University, Lithuania B.S., Biochemistry

　　2003-2005 Vilnius University, Lithuania M.Sc., Biochemistry

　　2006-2010 University ofHelsinki,Finland Ph.D., General Microbiology

　　Professional Experience:

　　01.2015–present Chargé de recherche (equivalent of Assistant Professor; tenured position), Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,Paris,France.

　　09.2012–12.2014 Research Assistant (tenured position), Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur,Paris,France.

　　02.2014–05.2014 EMBO Short-term Fellowship; research visit to Eugene Koonin’s laboratory at the National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.

　　09.2010–08.2012 EMBO Postdoctoral fellow; Molecular Biology of the Gene in Extremophiles Unit, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

　　01.2010–04.2010 FEMS Research Fellowship; visit to the Molecular Biology of the Gene in Extremophiles Unit, Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.

　　07.2005–08.2010 Graduate research assistant;FinnishCenterof Excellence in Virus Research,University of Helsinki,Finland. 09.2004–02.2005 ERASMUS/SOCRATES Fellowship; visit to the University of Helsinki, Finland.

　　09.2003–06.2005 Research assistant; laboratory of Membrane Biochemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics,Vilnius University,Lithuania.

　　09.2001–06.2003 Research assistant; laboratory of Biological DNA Modification,InstituteofBiotechnology,Vilnius University,Lithuania.

　　欢迎科研人员和研究生朋友踊跃参加!