报告题目： A Population Genomics View of Pneumococcal Antimicrobial Resistance
报告人：Professor Stephen Bentley
报告人单位： Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, University of Liverpool
报告时间：2015年11月24日（周二）上午10:00？11:00
报告地点：微生物所A102 会议室
主持人：冯婕 副研究员
报告摘要：
Professor Stephen Bentley uses high-throughput sequencing to study transmission of bacterial pathogens over time and around the world. He is currently leading a global initiative to assess the impact of pneumococcal vaccination through sequencing 20,000 genomes from isolates collected pre- and post-vaccine implementation.
He joined the Sanger Institute in 1998 to work on the annotation and analysis of bacterial genomes. Stephen's early work focused on Streptomyces coelicolor and Tropheryma whipplei and provided insights into the mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer, generation of antigenic variation and the prevalence of antibiotic production genes. This was followed by research into Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitides showing that gene and genome variation between loci and species was due to common and differing mechanisms of variation. He also found that these variations could confound clinical interventions such as vaccines and antibiotics.
His studies to sequence the capsular biosynthesis genes for all known serotypes of
Streptococcus pneumoniae enabled molecular methods for determining serotype. These findings can help to improve the diagnostic and semi-quantitative detection of serotypes in nasopharyngeal samples, providing the information needed to predict the potential for pneumococcal transmission, drug resistance and vaccine evasion.
More recently, Stephen's team has captured the complete genotypic variation of MRSA and pneumococcus to explain epidemiological patterns and phenotypic variation among evolving populations of bacterial pathogens. This work showed the convergent evolution of bacteria in response to the widespread use of various antimicrobial agents and vaccine escape.
Key Publications
2014.Variable recombination dynamics during the emergence, transmission and 'disarming' of a multidrug-resistant pneumococcal clone.BMC Biol.
2011. Rapid pneumococcal evolution in response to clinical interventions. Science.
2010. Evolution of MRSA during hospital transmission and intercontinental spread. Science.
2006.Genetic analysis of the capsular biosynthetic locus from all 90 pneumococcal serotypes. PLoS Genet.
2007.Meningococcal genetic variation mechanisms viewed through comparative analysis of serogroup C strain FAM18. PLoS Genet.
2004. Comparative genomic structure of prokaryotes. Annu Rev Genet.
2002.Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2). Nature.
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